First the speaker has to retrieve words and phrases from memory and assembles them into syntactically and propositionally appropriate sequence(Harmer, 2001). Speaking also happens in the context of limited processing capacities due to limitations of working memory, and thus a consequent need for routinization or automation in each area of production arises. This means that the speaker should process the information he listens to the moment he gets it. Besides, speaking involves a sort of monitoring during and following speech production and the managing of communication under a range of external pressures (Bygate, 1998 & Basturkmen, 2002).
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