تعتبر شريعة حمورابي - سادس ملوك ممل

تعتبر شريعة حمورابي - سادس ملوك مملكة بابل القديمة - من أقدم الشرائع المكتوبة في التاريخ البشري . وتعود إلى العام 1790 قبل الميلاد وتتكون من مجموعة من القوانين. وهناك العديد من الشرائع المشابهة لمثل شريعة حامورابي والتي وصلتنا من بلاد آشور منها مجموعات القوانين والتشريعات تتضمن مخطوطة أور- نامو، ومخطوطة إشنونا، ومخطوطة لبت-إشتار ملك آيسن إلا أن تشريعات حمورابي هي الأولى في التاريخ التي تعتبر متكاملة وشمولية لكل نواحي الحياة في بابل. وهي توضح قوانين وتشريعات وعقوبات لمن يخترق القانون. ولقد ركزت على السرقة، والزراعة (أو رعاية الأغنام)، وإتلاف الممتلكات، وحقوق المرأة، وحقوق الأطفال، وحقوق العبيد، والقتل، والموت، والإصابات. وتختلف العقوبات على حسب الطبقة التي ينحدر منها المنتهك لإحدى القوانين والضحية. ولا تقبل هذه القوانين الاعتذار، أو توضيحٍ للأخطاء إذا ما وقعت.
على العكس من بقية ملوك تلك الفترة، فلم يزعم حمورابي أنه سليل آلهة أو ذو ذات إلهية، إلا أنه وصف نفسه بخليل الآلهة. وفي الجزء العلوي من العمود ظهر حمورابي أمام عرش إله الشمس شمش.
رُقمت البنود من 1 إلى 282 (مع الإشارة إلى أن البند 13، والبنود من 66 لـ 99، و110، و111 مفقودة) على عمود طوله 8 أقدام ،2.5 متر، والمكون من حجر البازلت. ولقد اكتشف هذا العمود عام 1909 في سوسا- بمحافظة خوزستان حاليا- بإيران من قبل عالم الآثار المصرية جوستافو جيكوير Gustave Jéquier السويسري الأصل.وقد نقلت إلى إيران حين أخذها ملك العيلاميين شوتروك ناخونته Shutruk-Nakhunte كغنيمة في السنة الثانية عشر قبل الميلاد . ويُعرض العمود الآن في متحف اللوفر في باريس، فرنسا. مرسوم على الحجر الملك حمورابي وهو يستمع إلى إله الشمس الذي يسمى شمش الجالس على عرشه وهناك كاتب تحت حمورابي يسجل القوانين. ووضع الحجر في مكان عام وسط مدينة بابل لفتح المجال أمام الجميع لرؤية هذه التشريعات الجديدة كي لا يتم التذرع بجهل القوانين كعذر.
ولقد تمت الإشارة إلى هذه الشريعة كأول مثال لمفهومٍ قانوني يشير إلى أن بعض القوانين ضرورية وأساسية حتى أنها تتخطى قدرة الملوك على تغييرها. وبنقش هذه القوانين على الحجر فإنها دائمة، وبهذا يحيى المفهوم والذي تم تكريسه في الأنظمة القانونية الحديثة وأعطت المصطلح ( منقوش على الحجر ) ماهيته في الأنظمة الحالية.
ويرى باحثون أبرزهم السيد سامي البدري رئيس قسم علم الأديان المقارن- المعهد الإسلامي في بريطانيا يرى أن حمورابي جاء بعد إبراهيم عليه السلام ب300 عام وليس قبله وأن تسمية حمورابي تعني خليل الرب (وليس الآلهة) وما شريعة حمورابي إلا نسخة متصرف بها من صحف النبي إبراهيم ولذا نجد التقارب بينها وبين التورات ممكنا مع عدم أخذ اليهود أي من القوانين من البابليين بل هو الشبه الحاصل بين صحف النبي إبراهيم وصحف النبي موسى وهذا الأمر الذي حاول الكثيرون الالتفاف حوله لأسباب دينية أو سياسية . من ويكيبيديا، الموسوعة الحرة .
إن هذه الآثار عراقية حسب علم الجميع، لكن الأغرب في الموضوع إننا عندما نزور متحف اللوفر بباريس نجد أنهم كتبوا اسم إيران بدلا من اسم العراق تحت جميع الآثار العراقية التي خصص لها جناح تحت اسم ميزوبوتاميا. فإذا كان اسم ميزوبوتاميا يعني بلاد ما بين النهرين فكيف يوضع تحت الآثار اسم ايران ؟ أليس من حقنا أن نطالب الحكومة العراقية أن تفكر قليلا بشأن هذه الآثار ويطالبوا بذكر اسم العراق إلى جانب اسمه القديم مثله مثل مصر وإيران؟ .
وهل هناك من تفسير لهذا الأمر قد نجهله نحن عامة الناس ؟ . أتمنى على المتخصصين في مجال الآثار أن يشرحوا لنا أسباب هذه التسمية وأن يرسلوا لنا بآرائهم لنشرها .

النتائج (الإنجليزية) 1:

Considers the code of Hammurabi-ancient Kingdom of Kings of Babylon's sixth-oldest written laws in human history. And dating back to 1790 BC and consists of a set of laws. There are many similar laws such as Canon and Hammurabi had received from Assyria which sets laws and legislation include manuscript ur-Namo, Codex ashnona, Codex met Ishtar-King of Essen only legislation Hammurabi was the first in history that are integrated and holistic view of all aspects of life in Babylon. It explains the laws and legislation and penalties to penetrate law. We have focused on theft (or sheep), damage to property, women's rights, children's rights, the rights of slaves, murder, death, and injury. Penalties vary depending on the class of them breached a law and the victim. These laws does not accept an apology or explanation for the errors if they occur.Unlike the rest of the Kings of that period, it was alleged that Hammurabi Scion God or of God, but he described himself as Khalil gods. In the upper part of the column Hammurabi appears before the throne of the Sun God Shemesh.Page 1 to 282 items (with reference to agenda item 13 and items from 66 to 99, 110, and 111 missing) column length 8 feet 2.5 meters, composed of basalt stone. This column discovered in 1909 in the Susa-Khuzestan Province currently Iran by Egyptian archaeologist Gustavo gikoer Gustave Jéquier Swiss origin and had been transferred to Iran while taking King shotrok nakhonth Shutruk-Nakhunte Elamites as booty in the second year 10 BC. Displays the column now in the Louvre Museum in Paris, France. Decree on the stone King Hammurabi and listening to the Sun God Shemesh called sitting on his throne there a writer under Hammurabi recorded laws. And put the stone in place in downtown Babel to open for everyone to see this new legislation not to invoke ignorance as an excuse.I was referring to the Sharia as the first example of a legal concept indicates that some laws are basic and necessary until they exceed the capacity of the Kings to be changed. In this pattern the stone it permanently, and this animated concept, which was dedicated in modern legal systems, given the term (engraved stone) what it is in the current regulations.Prominent researchers finds Mr. Sami Badri, Chairman of the comparative religions Department-Islamic Institute in Britain felt that Hammurabi came after Ibrahim peace be upon him by 300 years and not kiss and label of Hammurabi meant Khalil Lord (not gods) and the code of Hammurabi except copy copyist from the newspapers Abraham and so find a rapprochement between them and stress possible with not taking any Jews from Babylonians but it parallels between newspapers Abraham and newspapers of the Prophet Musa and this many people who tried to wrap around For religious or political reasons. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.These Iraqi monuments all knowledge, but even stranger on the subject when we visit the Louvre Museum in Paris, they wrote the name of Iran instead of Iraq under the name of all Iraqi antiquities that a wing under the name of Mesopotamian. If the name of the Mesopotamian means Mesopotamia, how Iran is placed under the name of effects? Is it not our right to demand that the Iraqi Government should think a bit on these implications and claim the name of Iraq along with the old name like Egypt and Iran?.And is there an explanation for this matter we have almost every powerful pluralist public?. I wish the effects specialists to explain our reasons for this label and to send us opinions for publication.

النتائج (الإنجليزية) 2:

It is the Code of Hammurabi - sixth kings of the ancient kingdom of Babylon - one of the oldest laws written in the human history. And dating back to 1790 BC and consists of a set of laws. There are many similar to like the law of Hammurabi laws which we received from Assyria, including laws and legislation sets include manuscript Or-Namo, and manuscript those of Ashnuna, and manuscript decision-Ishtar king Aisen but Hammurabi legislation is the first in history, which is an integrated and holistic every aspect of life in Babylon. It explains the laws and legislation and sanctions for those who penetrates the law. We have focused on theft, agriculture (or care of the sheep), and the destruction of property, and women's rights, children's rights, and the rights of slaves, murder, death, and injury. The penalties vary by class from which a violator of laws and the victim. These laws do not accept the apology, or explanation of the errors if they occurred.
On the contrary, the rest of the kings of that period, it was alleged that Hammurabi or a descendant of the gods with a divine, but he described himself Bkhalil gods. At the top of the column appeared Hammurabi before the throne of the sun god Shamash.
Numbered items from 1 to 282 (with reference to the item 13, items of 66 for 99, 110, and 111 missing) on a length of 8 feet column, 2.5 meters, and composed of stone Basalt. This column has been discovered in 1909 in the province of Khuzestan Halaa- Susa- Iran by the world of Egyptian antiquities Gustavo Jakwer Gustave Jéquier Swiss Alosal.oukd transferred to Iran while the king of Elamites taken Hutrok Nachonth Shutruk-Nakhunte booty in the twelfth year BC. And displays the column now in the Louvre Museum in Paris, France. Decree on King Hammurabi stone as he listened to the sun god Shamash, who called him that sat on his throne and there Starter registered under the laws of Hammurabi. And put the stone in place in the city of Babylon center to open the way for everyone to see this new legislation in order not to invoke ignorance of the laws as an excuse.
I have been referring to this law as the first example of a legal concept it indicates that some laws are necessary and essential so that it goes beyond the ability of kings to change them. The inscription of these laws on the stone it is permanent, and thus Yahya concept, which has been dedicated in modern legal systems and gave the term (engraved on the stone) what it is in the current regulations.
In the opinion researchers, most notably Mr. Sami Al-Badri, Head of Department of religions Almgarn- Islamic Institute in Britain, believes that Hammurabi came After Abraham for 300 years and not before and that the designation of Hammurabi means Khalil Lord (not the gods) and the Code of Hammurabi, but a copy acting out of Prophet Ibrahim, newspapers and so we find the convergence between them and the Altorat possible with not taking the Jews any of the laws of the Babylonians, it is a winning similarities between Prophet Ibrahim newspapers and newspapers of the Prophet Moses and this which many people around him tried to circumvent religious or political reasons. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
The effects of this Iraqi flag by everyone, but the strangest thing in the subject when we visit the Louvre Museum in Paris, we find that they wrote the name of Iran instead of Iraq under the name of all Iraqi antiquities which have been allocated under the wing Mesopotamia name. If the name Mesopotamia means Mesopotamia, how it is placed under the effects of Iran's name? Is not it our right to demand that the Iraqi government have to think a little about these effects and demand by mentioning the name of Iraq as well as the old name like Egypt and Iran? .
Is there an explanation for this General We have people we do not know? . I wish to specialize in the field of archeology to explain to us the reasons for this label and send us their opinions for publication.

النتائج (الإنجليزية) 3:

The code of Hammurabi. The monarchs of the kingdom of ancient Babylon. The oldest written laws in the history of mankind. And go back to the year 1790 BC. It consists of a set of laws.There are many similar laws like the law of Hammurabi, which came from Assyria, manuscript collections of laws include ur Nammu, and manuscript and the accepted manuscript Ashnwna Ishtar isin King Hammurabi's legislation, however, is first in.It is an integrated and comprehensive for all aspects of life in Babylon.It describes the law laws and regulations and penalties for the piercing. I have focused on theft, and sheep welfare), destruction of property and the rights of women and of children's rights and the rights of slaves, murder, death and injury.Penalties differed depending on the class from which violated one of the acts and the victim. The law does not accept the apology, and Twdyhen errors if they occur. "Unlike the other kings of that period did Hammurabi claimed to have descended from the gods, is a deity, but described himself gods Halil. At the top of the column of Hammurabi appeared before the throne of the sun god Shamash.
The numbered items 1 to 282 (with reference to agenda item 13, items 66, 99, 110, and 111 are missing) the column length of 8 feet, 2.5 m, is composed of basalt stone.The column was discovered on 1909 at Susa. Currently, Khuzestan Province, Iran. By the Egyptian archaeologist Gustavo Jykwyr Gustave J quier Swiss origin.He moved to Iran, while taking Alylamyyn king shutruk nakhunte Shutruk-Nakhunte as a trophy in the year twelfth BC. The column is now in the Louvre Museum in Paris, France.King Hammurabi drawn on stone to listen to the sun god Shamash, who sits on the throne, called a writer under the laws of Hammurabi record.And put the stone in place of central city of Babylon to open space for all to see that the new legislation to ignorance of the law is not used as an excuse. "It was pointed out that the sharia as the first example of Lmfhwmen Law refers to the laws that are necessary and essential to change until it exceeds the capability of the kings.These laws Wbnqsh stone it permanently, and this name concept, which was enshrined in the modern legal systems the term (engraved on the stone) systems. The current. "According to the researchers, notably Mr. Sami al Badri, head of Institute of comparative religions, Islam in Britain felt that Hammurabi was Abraham peace be upon him 300 years not before him and renamed hamurabi Khalil means Lord (gods) and the code.But a leader of the Prophet Abraham and so we find convergence between alturat that Jews should not possible with any of the laws of the Babylonians, but similar yield among the papers of Abraham and Moses this to many peopleAbout it for religious or political reasons.From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. "The effects of an as everyone knew, but the strangest topic when we visit the Louvre Museum in Paris, they wrote the name of Iran rather than Iraq under the name of Iraq provided the suite under the name Mesopotamia.If the name Mesopotamia means the land between the two rivers are placed under the effects of Iran's name? Do you have the right to call upon the Iraqi government to think a bit about this effects and with the name of Iraq along with his old name, like Egypt and Iran?"Are there any explanation for this might be that we don't. We common people? I wish to specialize in the area to explain to us why this label and send us their opinions for publication.