In the previous version of this paper, I assumed 65 percent of the costs of veterans’ care and disability expenses could be attributed to the Iraq war.78 The long duration of these wars, and the fact that they occurred simultaneously, involving many of the same personnel and equipment, has meant that their expenses and future costs related to personnel are increasingly difficult to disaggregate. In addition, Overseas Contingency Operations are essentially global in scope — occurring in Africa, the Americas, Europe and Asian and the Pacific. While more soldiers served in Iraq, many soldiers have served multiple deployments in both war zones. Further, the trauma and injury soldiers experience is cumulative and the VA does not track injuries by war zone, but by time of service.