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5. what are the qualifications of a critic? The task of criticism is a very difficult and exacting one and a critic in order to perform his task well , must be an exceptionally gifted and qualified individual 1. He must be a man of rare organic sensibility , as well as a man of sound commonsense , understanding taste and clear thinking . 2. He must be a man widely read not only in the literature of his own language , but that of as many languages as possible .3. He must have proper training and technical skill in the different branches of literature , and such skill can be acquired only after hard and prolonged labour and study .4. He must rise above all prejudices and predilection , personal , religious , national , political , literary , etc. "prejudices come in the way of correct judgment , objectivity and impartiality are essential to arrive at the truth ".5. The critic must have imaginative sympathy . He must be able to put himself in the place of the writer , and thus see things from his point of view , and share his vision of life .6. The critic must also possess a sound knowledge of human psychology . He must have a thorough knowledge of human life and nature , derived from first hand observation of life . Literature mirrors life , and a knowledge of life is essential for a correct understanding and evaluation of literature . 7. These are very exacting demands , so much so that E.E Kellet says , 'The perfect critic , then , was never born , and never will be born .' He must have one more qualification . He must have the gift of communication , the power of communicating his own aesthetic pleasure to his readers5 . What are the types of literary criticism ?1. Legislative criticism :There are various types of criticism that have flourished from time to time . The earliest in time was the legislative . The critic sought to teach writers how to write and laid down canons , rules , formulae of literary composition . Such legislative criticism claims to teach the poet how to write , or how to write better .2. Judicial criticism :Next in point of time comes judicial criticism . It seeks to pronounce judgment on works of literature on the basis of certain rules . ' If a work is found to adhere to these rules it is good , if not it is condemned (judge) as worthless '. Such rules were derived , and often wrongly derived , from the ancient Greek and Latin masters , specially Aristotle and Horace .3. Theoretical criticism :Another important kind of criticism is theoretical criticism . This kind of criticism deals with literary aesthetics . Attention is focused on particular works ,but on literature in general a study is made of the process of creation and the basic principles of artistic beauty , and in this way a literary theory is built-up .4. Evaluative criticism : Evaluative criticism is criticism which is concerned with the assessment or evaluation of the worth and significance of a work of art . The work concerned is examined with reference to standards which may be aesthetic , moral , or purely personal , and thus an attempt is made to estimate its place and importance . For example , T.S Eliot considers moral and ethical standards as necessary to determine the greatness of a work of literature , which (this greatness ) cannot be determined merely by literary standards5. Historical criticism : Historical criticism views a work of art against the background of the age in which it was written . Every writer is influenced by the age in which he lives , and his work cannot properly be estimated without an understanding of the social , economic , religious , political , and literary events and trends which influenced the writer , formed his personality and colored the very texture of his work .6. Biographical criticism :Biographical criticism seeks to evaluate a work on the basis of the facts of the life of its author . A detailed study is made of his family background , ancestory , personal circumstances , friends , profession , occupation , etc. and also of the character and temperament and ideas and beliefs of the writer . All this biographical knowledge is then used to explain the artistic peculiarity of his works . 7. Comparative criticism :Comparative criticism is criticism which seeks to evaluate a work by comparing it with other works of a similar nature , either in one's own language or on other languages . The comparative method makes exacting demands upon the critic . It requires him to acquire a thorough knowledge not only of any one literature but of a number of literatures , and the larger the number the better . Genius and temperament differ from people to people and age to age , and such differences must be fully taken into account while applying the comparative method 
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