^ "Archimedes (c.287 - c.212 BC)". BBC History. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2012-06-07.
^ Calinger، Ronald (1999). A Contextual History of Mathematics. Prentice-Hall. صفحة 150. ISBN 0-02-318285-7. "Shortly after Euclid, compiler of the definitive textbook, came Archimedes of Syracuse (ca. 287 212 BC), the most original and profound mathematician of antiquity."
^ "Archimedes of Syracuse". The MacTutor History of Mathematics archive. January 1999. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2008-06-09.
^ Bursill-Hall, Piers. "Galileo, Archimedes, and Renaissance engineers