النتائج (
العربية) 1:
[نسخ]نسخ!
It is also plausible that most of that money — beyond that used for disaster assistance — would not have gone to Pakistan absent a war since the US was giving little or no aid to Pakistan prior to the 9/11 attacks. All told, Pakistan has received about $33 billion in economic and security assistance, including Coalition Support Funds as part of the Afghanistan operational budget, since 2002.Croatia, Georgia, Hungary, Jordan, Poland and Romania also receive Coalition Support Funds, as reimbursements for their work in US wars from the OCO budget. 28 As the Department of Defense argues, "Reimbursing partner nation efforts is critical to enabling forces from eligible foreign countries to remain in theater and support US military operations. Without financial support, many of these nations would not be able to participate in US military operations."There are other military assistance programs and coalition members who receive funding from the US as part of the OCO budget and outside it. Uzbekistan is not defined as inside the zone of overseas contingency operations. Yet since the 9/11 attacks, Uzbekistan, which shares a border with Afghanistan, has supported the US war in Afghanistan and has been considered an important partner to the US 31 For example, Uzbekistan allowed US military vehicles the use of Uzbekistan Khanabad airbase as part of its transportation network into northern Afghanistan until November 2005 when the US ceased operations at the base after the US criticized the Uzbek government. Beginning in 2009, some rail and air transit and overflight permissions were negotiated between the US, NATO and Uzbekistan. Overland transit to Afghanistan through Uzbekistan became more important when the US killed two-‐‑ dozen Pakistani soldiers in late November 2011 and Pakistan halted US transit to Afghanistan for about 7 months. Military aid to Uzbekistan, which is meant to secure military transportation access to roads into Afghanistan (and for a number of years, access to the military base in Karshi-‐‑Khanabad) peaked in 2002, and totaled more than $200 million through FY2013. In early 2015, the US announced that it would send Uzbekistan military equipment valued at hundreds of millions of dollars — 308 Mine-‐‑Resistant Ambush Protected Vehicles and 20 Armored Recovery Vehicles. Uzbekistan is an authoritarian state that has raised flags as a notorious human rights violator.33 Yet, military and foreign assistance to Uzbekistan is comparatively small, less than $1 billion since 2001, when compared to other spending for the wars, and we have not included it in this accounting of the costs of war.
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