Groundwater types and classification:
Taken into consideration the dominant cations and anion, the groundwater in the area can be distinguished into three main types,
1- Mg-HCO3 water type which dominates the groundwater of the Quaternary aquifer located close to the River Nile.
2- Na-HCO3 water types, comprises the groundwater of the Quaternary aquifer far from the River Nile and close to the borders of the Nile Valley.
3- Na-Cl water type which dominate the aquifer of the Plio-Pleistocene sediments. Figure shows the map shows the main water types and salinities of the groundwater in study area.
The groundwater composition and type show a gradual variation from place to another within the study area. This is mainly due to the composition of the water bearing sediments in addition to groundwater movement. In the present study both Piper (1953) and Schoeller (1962) classification diagrams are used to clear the variation in the groundwater composition. The groundwater samples are distinguished into three groups according to their geographical location;
i. Groundwater samples under the old cultivated lands which are mainly from the Quaternary aquifer.
ii. Groundwater samples under the new cultivated lands located to the east of the study area.
iii. Groundwater samples under the new cultivated lands located to the west and southwest of the area.