النتائج (
العربية) 1:
[نسخ]نسخ!
توظيف Adipocytes براون من فروعهVarious studies have shown that primary preadipocytes isolated from white and brown adipose depots differentiate in vitro into the corresponding white and brown adipocytes (Kopecky et al., 1990; Rehnmark et al., 1990; Ailhaud et al., 1992). Multilocular fat cells, expressing UCP1 and rich in mitochondria, were initially observed in a WAT depot by Young et al. (1984). The emergence of these so-called ectopic brown adipocytes in WAT could be induced by cold acclimation in rats (Cousin et al., 1992, 1996) and mice (Loncar, 1991a,b; Guerra et al., 1998). This phenomenon is generally referred to as recruitment. The new cells were found to be sympathetically innervated (Giordano et al., 1996) and remained in WAT as long as a sympathetic stimulation persisted (Loncar, 1991b). Subsequent reports have shown that administration of selective β3-AR agonists like CL 316243 in mice could also induce the emergence of brown adipocytes in WAT depots (Nagase et al., 1996; Collins et al., 1997; Ghorbani and Himms-Hagen, 1997; Guerra et al., 1998; Granneman et al., 2005) and that this phenomenon was strongly dependent on the mouse genetic background (Collins et al., 1997; Guerra et al., 1998; Kozak and Koza, 1999). Interestingly, it was discovered that transgenic overexpression of the human β1-AR in WAT of mice also induced the appearance of abundant brown adipocytes in this tissue (Soloveva et al., 1997). These results suggested that the β3-AR might not be the only β-subtype controlling the emergence of brown adipocytes in WAT. These results were recently confirmed using human multipotent adipose-derived stem cells (hMADS; Mattsson et al., 2011). However, administration of β1-AR agonists would not be appropriate for the treatment of obesity due to the well-known effects of these agents on the heart.
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