An ALS may have one or more of the following components or models: 
 Expert model: This has information which is to be taught. It stores tutorials, lessons, answers to questions, etc. It is often clubbed with the instructional model. 
Student model: This component determines the student’s skill level through Adaptive Testing methodology. Students are presented with questions based on level of difficulty, as determined by their skill/competence level. As the test proceeds, the computer adjusts the score based on the answers, refining the score by selecting questions from
 a narrower range of difficulty.