النتائج (
العربية) 1:
[نسخ]نسخ!
3. Explain the function of criticism with numbers?1- first (in general) Literary criticism is the play of the mindon a work of literature and it consists in asking andanswering rational questions about literature. Such aninquiry may be directed either first towards literature ingeneral leading to a better understanding of the nature andvalue of literature and a better appreciation of the pleasureproper to literature.2-secondly (in specific) The inquiry may be directed towardsparticular works of literature , and its individual anddistinctive qualities my be examined. The matter, themanner, the technique and language of a piece of literaturemay be put to searching examination and in this way itsliterary worth may be assessed. Thus the function ofcriticism is not fault-finding as it is supposed to be by thelayman. Its function is not to pick roles in a given work ofliterature nor is tis function to eulogies or laud some favoriteauthor4. What are the principles of criticism ?While (rules) may change from age to age , these principles are universal and permanent , because they are related to the basic elements of human nature . These essential principles are three in number :1. First It is the principle of truth.Truth is the final test of merit (advantage) in literature for a work , which does not correspond with the facts of life or with the universal and fundamental beliefs mankind , cannot be regarded as great whatever its technical excellence may be . But the truth of literature is different from the truth of science or logic . Poetic truth is the truth of idea , the generalized experience which forms the content of a work of art must conform to the generalized experience of the human race .2. The second Essential principle by which the permanent worth of an author is to be assessed is the principle of symmetry .This principle implies right selection and arrangement of material . It implies that the writer should select certain aspects of reality , and not all reality, and then his material should be so arranged as to throw the selected aspects of reality into sharp relief . The critic examine if the various parts of a composition are organically related to each other or not , whether they are proportionate to each other , and to the composition , as a whole , or not .3. The third Principle is the principle of idealization. This principle implies not only that certain aspects of reality should be selected for artistic treatment but also that , the selection so made should exclude (leave) such matter as affects unpleasantly the aesthetic consciousness of the reader
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