Of course, as the case studies illustrate, population surveys are no panacea. They must be designed not only with appropriate scientific methodology, but with a deep understanding of local culture; these tasks are not easily completed separately, let alone in tandem. Without the former, results may not be reliable or representative. Without (and even sometimes with!) the latter, surveyors may draw erroneous conclusions because they do not understand the responses in their cultural context or because those surveyed do not understand the questions fully. Survey returns, such as those described in the Cambodia case study above, might indicate conflicting responses and fail to convey the complexities of opinions held by respondents. Such surveys must be accompanied by additional strategies for locating the preferences of local populations to ensure their reliability